• 个人简历下载
  • 职场资讯
  • 求职攻略
  • 求职面试技巧
  • 面试题
  • 笔试题
  • 职业规划
  • 职场法则
  • 职场培训
  • 升迁之路
  • 劳动法规
  • 跳槽注意事项
  • 当前位置: 工作范文网 > 职场 > 职场资讯 > 正文

    虚拟语气练习题及答案-工作总结例文(18页)

    时间:2020-10-17 08:42:43 来源:工作范文网 本文已影响 工作范文网手机站

    总结范文

    PAGE

    PAGE 1

    虚拟语气练习题及答案-工作总结范文

    篇一:高中英语虚拟语气练习题(附答案)

    高中英语虚拟语气练习题

    二.选择题

    C1.Ifonlyhe____quietlyasthedoctorinstructed,hewouldnotsuffersomuchnow.

    A.liesB.layC.hadlainD.shouldlie

    b2.HowIwisheveryfamily____alargehousewithabeautifulgarden.

    A.hasB.hadC.willhaveD.hadhad

    d3.Youdidnotletmedrive.Ifwe____inturn,you____sotired

    A.drove;didn’tgetB.drove;wouldn’tgetC.weredriving;wouldn’tgetD.haddriven;wouldn’thavegot

    b4._____itraintomorrow,wewouldhavetoputoffthevisittotheYangpuBridge

    A.WereB.ShouldC.WouldD.Will

    c5.Isuggestedtheperson_____tobeputintoprison

    A.refersB.referringC.referredD.refer

    6.Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater,itlooksasifit____

    A.breaksB.hasbrokenC.werebrokenD.hadbeenbroken

    7.Iinsisted_____toseeadoctor,butheinsistednothing___wrongwithhim

    A.onhimtogo;shouldbeB.hewent;beC.hego;wasD.heshouldto;is

    8.Yourauntinvitesyoutothemoviestoday

    Ihadrathershe____metomorrowthantoday

    A.tellsB.toldC.wouldtellD.hadtold

    9.Wouldyouhavecalledheruphaditbeenpossible

    Yes,butI____busydoingmyhomework

    A.wasB.wereC.hadbeenD.wouldbe

    10.Iwasillthatday,otherwiseI____thesportsmeet

    A.wouldhavetakenpartinB.tookpartinC.hadtakenpartinD.wouldtakepartin

    11.___theclouds,youwouldfindtheairplaneintheskyeasily

    A.HaditnotbeenforB.IfitwerenotC.IfithadnotbeenforD.Wereitnotfor

    12.Ifmylawyer____herelastSunday,he____mefromgoing

    A.hadbeen,wouldhavepreventedB.hadbeen,wouldprevent

    C.were,preventD.were,wouldhaveprevented

    13.____hard,hewouldhavepassedtheexam

    A.IfheweretoworkB.HadheworkedC.ShouldheworkD.Werehetowork

    14.____today,hewouldgettherebyFriday

    A.WerehetoleaveB.IfhehadleftC.DidhetoleaveD.Hadheleft

    15.Hadyoulistenedtothedoctor,you____allrightnow

    A.areB.wereC.wouldbeD.wouldhavebeen

    16.Ididnotseeyoursisteratthemeeting.Ifshe____,shewouldhavemetmybrother

    A.hascomeB.didcomeC.comeD.hadcome

    17.He____busyyesterday,orhe___youwithyourexperiment.

    A.was,hadhelpedB.was,wouldhavehelpedC.hadbeen,wouldhavehelpedD.were,wouldhavehelped

    18.Ifit____forthesnow,we____themountainyesterday

    A.werenot,couldhaveclimbB.werenot,couldclimbC.hadnotbeen,couldhaveclimbed

    D.hadn’tbeen,couldclimb

    19.Withoutelectricity,humanlife____quitedifficulttoday

    A.isB.willbeC.wouldhavebeenD.wouldbe

    20.Iamgoingtotellherthenews

    Iwouldassoonyou_____heraboutit

    A.didn’ttellB.don’ttellC.hadn’ttellD.won’ttell

    21.Mike’sfather,aswellashismother,insistedhe____home

    A.stayedB.couldstayC.hasstayedD.stay

    22.Itwasrequestedthattheplay____again

    A.shouldputonB.wouldputonC.beputonD.puton

    23.Sheinsistedthatadoctor_____immediately

    A.hadsentforB.sendC.besentforD.wassent

    24.Didyouscoldhimforhiscarelessness

    Yes,but____it

    A.I’drathernotdoB.I’drathernothavedoneC.Ishould’tdoD.I’dbetternotdo

    25.IfonlyI___mycar

    A.hadn’tlostB.wouldn’tloseC.didn’tloseD.haven’tlost

    26.Butforwater,it____impossibletoliveintheearth

    A.isB.wouldC.wereD.wouldn’tbe

    27.Iwouldratheryou____anythingaboutitforthetimebeing

    A.doB.didn’tdoC.don’tD.didn’t

    28.Thekind-heartedcoupletreattheorphanverywellasthoughhe____theirownson

    A.isB.wereC.hadbeenD.shouldbe

    29.Howtheoldpeoplewishthatthey____youngoncemore

    A.wereB.couldbecomeC.hadbeenD.shouldbe

    30.Itishightimethatwe____ameetingtodiscussthisproblem

    A.holdB.heldC.haveheldD.hadheld

    31.Thethiefclosedhiseyes____he____dying

    A.evenif,wasB.though,wouldbeC.even,hadbeenD.asif,were

    32.Iwishthatyou____suchabadheadachebecauseIamsurethatyouwouldhaveenjoyedtheconcert

    A.hadnotB.didnothavehadC.hadn’thadD.hadn’thave

    33.Thechairmaninsistedthatwe____thequestionagain

    A.willdiscussB.todiscussC.shoulddiscussD.willbediscussed

    34.Herequestedthatthestudents____themgetincrops

    A.helpB.tohelpC.helpedD.helping

    35.Theguardatthegateinsistedthateverybody_____therules

    A.obeysB.ObeyC.willobeyD.wouldobey

    36.IwishI____herethen

    A.wasB.hadbeenC.wereD.wouldbe

    37.Itisstrangethathe____backsoearly

    A.cameB.willcomeC.hadcomeD.shouldhavecome

    38.MothersuggestedthatI___myhomeworkfirstbeforewatchingTV

    A.didB.doC.shalldoD.havedone

    39.Mysuggestionisthatthemeeting____offtillnestSunday

    A.beputB.putC.shouldputD.hadbeenput

    40.HeistalkingsomuchaboutAmericaasifhe____there

    A.hadbeenB.hasbeenC.wasD.been

    41.Theteacherdemandedthattheexam_____beforeeleven

    A.mustfinishB.wouldbefinishedC.befinishedD.mustbefinished

    42.Sorry,Joe.Ididnotmeanto……

    Don’tcallme“Joe”,IamMr.Parkertoyou,and____youforgetit!

    A.doB.didn’tC.didD.don’t

    43.IdidnotattendthelecturebyPro.Jackson.I____butI____allthismorning

    A.would,havewashedB.could,havebeenwashingC.wouldhave,havebeenwashingD.couldhave,hadwashing

    44.HowIwishI____torepairthewatch!Ionlymadeitworse

    A.hadtriedB.hadn’ttriedC.havetriedD.didn’ttry

    45.HowcouldIthankyouenough?

    Don’tmentionit.Anyotherman____it

    A.mustdoB.coulddoC.wouldhavedoneD.shouldhavedone

    46.KeyEuropeangovernmentsinsistIraq’sco-operation____goodandmilitaryaction______toallowinspectionstocontinue

    A.be,bedelayedB.is,delayC.shouldbe,bedelayedD.is,bedelayed

    47.Ifthehurricanehadhappenedduringtheday-time,____moredeaths

    A.itwouldhavebeenB.itwouldbeC.therewouldbeD.therewouldhavebeen

    48.Whatthecustomers_____fromthecompanyisthatthegoods____righttotheirhomes.

    A.requested,deliverB.demand,bedeliveredC.request,shoulddeliverD.demand,delivered

    49.Iflaw-breakers_____thesocietywillbeindisorder

    A.madeunpunishedB.cameunpunishedC.wentunpunishedD.notpunished

    50.Wetookataxitotheairport.Otherwisewe____late

    A.wouldbeB.wereC.willbeD.wouldhavebeen

    51.Supposinghenever____,whatwouldhappenthen

    A.comeB.cameC.wouldcomeD.willcome

    52.Whatdoyouthinkhisproposalthatwe____aplayattheEnglishmeeting

    A.hadputonB.shouldputonC.haveputonD.willputon

    53.Ihopethatyou____right

    A.willbeB.shouldbeC.wereD.wouldbe

    54.Asyouknow,Iamadisabledman,butIwouldbehappyifI___ofservicetoyou

    A.amB.havebeenC.shouldbeD.wouldbe

    55.Heinsistedthatwe____earlythenextmorning

    A.startB.startedC.wouldstartD.hadstarted

    56.Ididnotseeyoursisteratthemeeting.Ifshe____,shewouldhavemetmybrother

    A.hascomeB.didcomeC.hadcomeD.came

    57.We____lastnight,butwewenttothecinemainstead

    A.musthavestudiedB.mightstudyC.wouldstudyD.wouldhavestudied

    58.Ifit_____thesnow,we_____theSimianMountainlastweek

    A.werenot,couldhaveclimbedB.werenot,couldclimbC.hadnotbeen,couldhaveclimbedD.hadnotbeen,couldclimb

    答案

    CBDBCCCBAADABACDBCDA

    DCCBACBBABDCCABBDBAA

    CDCBCDDBCDBBAAACDC

    Welcometo虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的

    应用

    【经典例题】

    1.Ifmylawyer_______herelastSaturday,he_______mefromgoing.

    A.hadbeen;wouldhavepreventedB.hadbeen;wouldprevent

    C.were;wouldpreventD.were;wouldhaveprevented

    2.IfIhadwornmyovercoat,I_______cold.

    A.won’thavecaughtB.couldn’thavecaught

    C.won’tcatchD.wouldn’tcatch

    3.—Ifhe______,he______thatfood.

    —Luckilyhewassenttothehospitalimmediately.

    A.waswarned;wouldnottakeB.hadbeenwarned;wouldnothavetaken

    C.wouldbewarned;hadnottakenD.wouldhavebeenwarned;hadnottaken

    4.Ididn’tseeyoursisteratthemeeting.Ifshe_______,shewouldhavemetmybrother.

    A.hascomeB.didcomeC.cameD.hadcome

    【答案与解析】

    1.A.本题考查虚拟语气。因为从句表示与过去事实相反的假设,故从句谓语动词用过去完成时,而主句谓语动词用wouldhave+过去分词形式。

    2.B.本题考查虚拟条件句中主句谓语动词的使用。因为从句用了过去完成时,可知主句谓语动词用would/couldhave+过去分词形式。根据句意,可知选B。

    3.B.根据答语,可知本题考查与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。故从句谓语动词用过去完成时,而主句谓语动词用wouldhave+过去分词形式。

    4.D.根据句意“在会上我没有看到你的姐姐。如果她来的话,她就见到我哥哥了”可知,这是考查对过去事实的虚拟。主句用couldhavedone,故从句谓语动词应该用过去完成时。

    【重点归纳】

    一、虚拟条件句的类别

    虚拟条件句可分为三类:一类是叙述与现在事实相反的情况;一类是叙述与过去事实相反的情况;另一类是叙述与将来事实相反的情况。其主句和从句的谓语动词构成如下:

    1.与现在事实相反

    条件从句用过去时(be动词的过去式一律用were),主句用would(should/might/could)+动词原形”。如:

    IfIwereyou,Iwouldaccepttheinvitationtotheparty.

    如果我是你的话,我将接受去舞会的邀请。

    IfIknewherwell,Iwouldtellyouabouther.

    如果我很了解她的话,我将告诉你关于她的事情。

    2.与过去事实相反

    条件从句用过去完成时,主句用“would/should/might/could+have+过去分词”,如:

    Ifyouhadbeentherelastnight,nothingwouldhavehappened.

    如果你昨天晚上在那儿的话,就没有什么事情发生了。IfIhadgotupearlier,Iwouldhavecaughtthefirstbus.

    如果我起得更早一些的话,就赶上头班车了。

    3.与将来事实相反

    条件从句用过去时或者“wereto+动词原形”或者“should+动词原形”,主句用“would(should/might/could)+动词原形”,如:IfitwereSaturdaytomorrow,wewouldn’thaveanexam.

    如果明天是周六的话,我们就不考试了。

    Ifyouweretovisittheschooltomorrow,youwouldseeProfessorSmith.

    如果你明天去参观学校的话,你就会看到史密斯教授。

    Ifitshouldraintomorrow,thesportsmeetwouldbeputoffuntilnextFriday.

    如果明天下雨的话,运动会将被推迟到下周五举行。

    【特别提示】

    在虚拟条件句中,谓语动词按照“后退一步法”使用,即:与现在事实相反,从句中用一般过去时;与过去事实相反,从句中用过去完成时;与将来事实相反,从句中用过去将来时。

    二、虚拟条件句中的省略与倒装

    如果if虚拟条件句中有were,had,或者should等词时,可以省略if,把这些词放在主语前,形成倒装句。如:

    IfIshouldmeether(ShouldImeether),Iwouldtellher.

    如果我遇见她的话,我就告诉她。

    IfIwereinyourposition(WereIinyourposition),Iwoulddoitbetter.

    如果我在你的位置上,我会做得更好。

    Iftheyhadmadepreparations(Hadtheymadepreparations),theywouldhavesucceeded.

    如果他们做了准备的话,他们就已经成功了。

    Grammarwork语法专练

    动词变形

    用所给动词的适当形式填空。

    1.—?Ifthefactory___________(belong)tome,I___________(notsell)it.

    —Butitisn’tyours.

    2.—Ifyou___________(keep)thesecret,nobody___________(know)it.

    —I’msorryformakingsuchamistake.

    3.Iftheweatherweretobe(be)finetomorrow,I______(go)foranoutingwithmyparents.

    4.___________(be)Iyou,Iwouldthinkaboutthisproblemonceagain.

    5.___________(have)Ihadtimelastnight,I___________(go)toseethiswonderfulfilm.

    完成句子

    篇二:虚拟语气练习题答案

    精选练习

    1.Youdidn’tletrnedrive.Ifwe_______inturn,you_______sotired.

    A.drove;didn’tgetB.drove;wouldn’tget

    C.weredriving;wouldn’tgetD.haddriven;wouldn’thavegot

    2.It’shightimewe____________tothetheater.

    A.willB.shallC.aregoingto

    D.went

    3.It’sstrangethatthey_______nothingaboutthismatter.

    A.knowB.wouldknowCknowsD.knew

    4.Hesuggestswe________tothecinemaatonce,otherwisewewillbelate.

    A.mustgoB.goC.willgoD.wouldgo

    5.Thegeneralorderedthatthethief__________.

    A.bepunishedB.wouldpunishC.wouldbepunishedD.shouldpunish

    6.IfonlyI___________howtooperateacomputerasyodo!

    A.hadknownB.wouldknowC.shouldknowD.knew

    7.Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater,itlooksasifit______·

    A.breaksB.hasbrokenC.werebrokenD.hadbeenbroken

    8.Thechairmanrequestedthat____________.

    A.themembersstudiedtheproblemmorecarefully

    B.theproblemsweremorecarefullystudied

    C.theproblemscouldbestudiedwithmorecare

    D.themembersstudytheproblemmorecarefully

    9.IfI_____you,I________moreattentiontoEnglishidiomsandphrases.

    A.was;shallpayB.am;willpay

    C.wouldbe;wouldpayD.were;wouldpay

    10.Wecannotimaginewhatourworld________likewithoutelectricpower.

    A.isB.willbeC.wouldbeD.hasbeen

    11.Therewasahalfsmileonhisfacewhichsuggestedthat

    he______happytohavegivenhislife

    forhiscountry.

    A.wasB.shouldbeC.wouldbeD.were

    12.Weallagreedtohersuggestionthatwe______totheGreatWallforsightseeing(观光)·

    A.willgoB.goC.shallgoD.shouldhavegone

    13.Theyoungmaninsistedthathe_______nothingwrong

    and________free.

    A.did;setB.haddone;shouldbeset

    C.do;besetD.haddone;mustbeset

    14.Withoutyourhelp,I_______theexam1astterm.

    A.failedinB.wouldhavefailedC.wouldn’tpass

    D.wouldfail

    15.Ilostyouraddress,otherwiseI________youlongbefore.

    A.hadvisitedB.havevisitedC.wouldhavevisitedD.shouldvisit

    练习答案

    1—5.DDABA6—10.DCDDC11—15.ABBBC

    练习解析

    1.本句是对过去情况的虚拟。意为:如果我们轮流开车的话,你就不会那么累了。对过去虚拟,if条件句用过去完成式,haddriven,主句用wouldn’thavegot。选D。

    2.It’stime+从句,从句用虚拟语气。句中动词用过去式,或用shoulddo。选D。

    3.Itis+某些标志性形容词+that从句,从句用虚拟语气,动词形式为(should)do。选A。

    4.suggest,order,demand,insist等表示建议、命令、要求、坚持的词后加宾语从句,要用虚拟语气,动词形式为(should)do。选B。

    5.suggest,order,demand,insist等表示建议、命令、要求、坚持的词后加宾语从句,要用虚拟语气,动词形式为(should)do。这里贼是“被惩罚”,要用被动式,(should)bepunished。选A。

    6.Ifonly引导的句子,对现在的情况表示虚拟,用过去时。选D。全句意为“要是我象你一样懂得怎样操作计算机就好了。”

    7.asif引导状语从句,用一般过去时表示对现在情况的虚拟。选C。全句意为:当把铅笔放到一杯水中时,它看上去好像断了。broken过去分词作语,表示“断的状态”。

    8.suggest,request,order,demand,insist等表示建议、命令、要求、坚持的词后加宾语从句,要用虚拟语气,动词形式为(should)do。选D。

    9.对现在情况虚拟的句子,条件句用一般过去时,be动词要用were,主句用would+动词原形。选D。

    10.本题考查含蓄虚拟结构。without短语相当于一个条件句ifourworldhadnoelectricpower.对现在或将来情况的虚拟,主句用“would+动词原形”。选C。

    11.suggest在作“表明、暗示”解释时,后面的从句不用虚拟语气。选A。全句意为“他脸上微微的笑容表明他很高兴将自己的生命献给了国家。”

    12.表示“建议”、“要求”、“命令”等名词后面的主语从句、表语从句及同位语从句中的谓语动词要用虚拟语气,谓语动词形式为(should)do。题中thatwe...作suggestion的同位语从句。本句中“我们”还“没有去”,不能用完成式,排除D。选B。

    13.insist表示“坚持认为”时,后面的从句不用虚拟语气。本句中第一个空正是这种情况。而第二个空表示“坚持要做某事”,则应该用虚拟语气,谓语动词形式为(should)do。选B。

    14.without短语相当于一个条件句“如果没有你的帮助”。从lastterm(上学期)可以判断出,这是对过去情况的虚拟,用wouldhavedone。选B。

    15.本句意为:我丢了你的地址,否则我很久前就去拜访你了。对过去情况的虚拟,用wouldhavedone。选C。

    篇三:虚拟语气的用法及经典练习题(附答案)

    虚拟语气概念虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想,而不表示客观存在的事实,所说的是一个条件,不一定是事实,或与事实相反。虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。英语中的语气分为陈述语气、祈使语气、虚拟语气三类。应用条件在表示虚假的、与事实相反的或难以实现的情况时用虚拟语气,表示主观愿望或某种强烈情感时,也用虚拟语气。即当一个人说话时欲强调其所说的话是基于自己的主观想法,而不是根据客观实际,就用虚拟语气。在非真实条件状语从句中的用法真实条件状语从句与非真实条件状语从句条件句可分为两类,一类为真实条件句,一类为非真实条件句。非真实条件句表示的是假设或实际可能性不大的情况,故采用虚拟语气。例:Ifhedoesn’thurryup,hewillmissthebus.如果他不快点,他将错过巴士。(真实)Ifheisfree,hewillaskmetotellstories.如果他是空闲的,他会要求我讲故事。(真实)IfIwereyou,Iwouldgoatonce.如果我是你,我马上就会去。(非真实,虚拟语气)Iftherewerenoair,peoplewoulddie.如果没有空气,人就会死亡。(非真实,虚拟语气)用法及动词形式从句If+主语+didIf+主语+did主语were)(be动词were)主句与现在事实相反主语+should/would/主语+should/would/could/might+do1

    与过去事实相反主语+主语+should/would/If+主If+主语+haddonecould/might+havedone1.If+主语1.If+主语+didIf+主语+did与将来事实相反主语+should/would/主语+should/would/2.If+主语2.If+主语+weretoIf+主语+werecould/might+do3.If+主语3.If+主语+shouldIf+主语+should例句:例句:1、表示与现在事实相反的情况:表示与现在事实相反的情况:例:1.IfIwereyou,Iwouldtakeanumbrella.如果我是你,我会带把伞。(事实:我不可能是你)2.IfIknewhistelephonenumber,Iwouldtellyou.如果我知道他的电话号码,我就会告诉你。(事实:不知道)3.Iftherewerenoairorwater,therewouldbenolivingthingsontheearth.如果没有水和空气,地球上就不会有生物。(事实:地球上既有空气也有水)4.IfIhadanymoneywithme,Icouldlendyousome.如果我带钱了,我就会借给你些。(事实:没带钱)5.Ifhestudiedharder,hemightpasstheexam.如果他再努力些,就能通过考试了。(事实:没有努力)例:1.IfIhadgottenthere2、表示与过去事实相反的情况earlier,Ishould/couldhavemether.如果我早到那儿,我就会见到她。(事实:去晚了)2.Ifhehadtakenmyadvice,hewouldnothavemadesuchamistake.如果他听我的劝告的话,就不会犯这样的错误了。(事实:没有听我的话)3、表示对将来情况的主观推测,表示对将来情况的主观推测,1.Ifheshouldcome与将来事实相反例:heretomorrow,Ishould/wouldtalktohim.如果他哪天来这儿的话,我就跟他谈谈。(事实:来的可能性很小)2.IftherewereaheavysnownextSunday,wewouldnotgoskating.如果下周日下大雪,我们就不能去滑冰了。(事实:不知能否下雪)3.IfsheweretobetherenextMonday,Iwouldtellheraboutthematter.如果她下周一来这儿的话,我就会告诉她这件事的始末。有时,虚拟条件句中结果主句和条件从句的谓语动作若不是同时发生时,4、有时,虚拟条件句中,结果主句和条件从句的谓语动作若不是同时发生时,虚拟语气的形式应作相应的调整。虚拟语气的形式应作相应的调整从句的动作与过去事实相反,而主句的动作与现在或现在正在发生的事实不符。①从句的动作与过去事实相反,而主句的动作与现在或现在正在发生的事实不符如:IfIhadworkedhardatschool,Iwouldbeanengineer,too.如果我在学校学习刻苦的话,我现在也会成为一个工程师了Iftheyhadinformedus,wewouldnotcomeherenow.如果他们通知过我们的话,我们现在就不会来这里了。2

    ②从句的动作与现在事实相反,从句的动作与现在事实相反,而主句的动作与过去事实不符。而主句的动作与过去事实不符如:Ifhewerefreetoday,wewouldhavesenthimtoBeijing.如果他今天有空的话,我们会已经派他去北京了。Ifheknewher,hewouldhavegreetedher.要是他认识她的话,他肯定会去问候她了。可以省略,5、当虚拟条件句的谓语动词含有were,should,had时,if可以省略,这时条倒装语序,等词置于句首,件从句要用倒装语序件从句要用倒装语序,即将were,should,had等词置于句首,这种多用于书面如:Shouldheagreetogothere,wewouldsendhimthere.要语。是他答应去的话,我们就派他去。Wereshehere,shewouldagreewithus.如果她在这儿的话,她会同意我们的。Hadhelearntaboutcomputers,wewouldhavehiredhimtoworkhere.如果他懂一些电脑知识的话,我们已经聘用他来这里工作了。非真实条件句中的条件从句有时不表达出来,只暗含在副词、介词短语、6、非真实条件句中的条件从句有时不表达出来,只暗含在副词、介词短语、上下含蓄条件句,文或其他方式表示出来,这种句子叫做含蓄条件句在多数情况下,文或其他方式表示出来,这种句子叫做含蓄条件句,在多数情况下,条件会暗含在短语中,without…for…在短语中,如without….,butfor….等如:Butforhishelp,wewouldbeworkingnow.要不是他的帮助,我们还会在工作呢。Withoutyourinstruction,Iwouldnothavemadesuchgreatprogress.要是没有你的指导,我不会取得如此大的进步。Wedidn’tknowhistelephonenumber;otherwisewewouldhavetelephonedhim.我们不知道他的电话号码,否则我们就会给他打电话。有时,虚拟条件句中,从句可以省略其中的一个,7、有时,虚拟条件句中,主、从句可以省略其中的一个,来表示说话人的一种强烈的感情。烈的感情Hewouldhavefinishedit.他本该完成了。Youcouldhave①省略从句passedthisexam.你应该能通过这次考试了。IfIwereathomenow.要是我现在在家里该多好啊。Ifonly②省略主句Ihadgotit.要是我得到它了该多好啊。、虚拟语气的其他用法用在wish后的宾语从句a、表示与现在事实相反的愿望,谓语动词用过去式eg.IwishIhadyourbrains.我希望我有你那样的头脑。(事实:我根本比不上你)b、表示与过去事实相反的愿望,谓语动词:had+doneeg:IwishIhadknownthetruthofthematter.我希望我原来知道这件事的真相。(事实:原来不知道)c、表示将来难以实现的愿望,谓语动词:should/would+动词原形eg.IwishIshouldhaveachanceagain.我希望我还能有一次这样的机会。(事实:很难再有这样的机会了)也有相同用法)(注:ifonly和asif/asthough也有相同用法)用在目的状语从句中1.在引导的从句中,1.在forfearthat,incase,lest引导的从句中,若用虚拟语气时,从句谓语为:should+动词原形。并且should不能省略3

    eg.Sheexaminedthedooragainforfearthatathiefshouldcomein.她又把门检查了一遍,以防盗贼的进入。Hestartedoutearlierlestheshouldbelate.他很早就出发了以防迟到。2、在sothat,inorderthat所引导的目的状语从句中,从句中的谓语为:can/may从句中的谓语为:在/could/might/will/would/should+动词原形。eg.Hegoesclosertothespeakersothathecanhearhimclearer.他走近说话的人以便能听得更清楚。Hereadthelettercarefullyinorderthatheshouldnotmissaword.他把信读得很仔细以便不漏掉一个单词。其他用法1、一想要(desire)二宁愿(prefer)三命令(order,command)四建议(pose)五要求insist)中Suggest,propose)五要求(demand,require,request,desire,insist)中,无从句的谓语动词都用:论主句谓语动词为何种时态,从句的谓语动词都用“should+动词原形”或只。如:Hesuggestedthatwe(should)taketaketheteacher’用“动词原形”sadvice.Heinsistedthatwe(should)taketaketheteacher’sadvice.Hetaketheteacher’sadvice.Heorderedthatwedemandthatwe(should)taketaketheteacher’sadvice.(should)take动作才用虚拟语气;insist如果翻译成坚持某种动作才用虚拟语气;翻译成坚持某种观点就不用虚拟语气。拟语气。如:Heinsistheisastudent.他坚持说他是个学生。这个语句表示的是事实,因此在这个语句中不能使用虚拟语气。意为“才用虚拟语气,则不用虚拟语气。如:suggest意为“建议”才用虚拟语气,意为“暗示”则不用虚拟语气。Hisfacesuggeststhathelooksworried.他的表情暗含着他很担心。这个句子本身是事实,因此它就没有用到虚拟语气。:necessary2、表情绪.观点的形容词或名词也要用虚拟语气.如:necessary、important、impossible、natural、strange、surprising、funny、right、wrong、better、impossible、natural、strange、surprising、funny、right、wrong、better、apity等。+主语从句should+原型句型:Itisthat+主语从句,从句的谓语动词都要用should+原型或只用动词原型。3、在evenif,eventhough所引导的让步状语从句中,可用虚拟语气,主句、从在所引导的条件从句结构相同句结构相同。如:Evenifhewereherehimself,句的结构与if所引导的条件从句结构相同heshouldnotknowwhattodo.即使他亲自来也不知该怎么办。(事实:他没来)NobodycouldsavehimeventhoughHuaTuoshouldcomehere.即使华佗在世也救不了他。(事实:华佗不在世)4、在whatever,whichever,whenever,whoever,wherever,however,nomatterwherever,在whatever,whichever,whenever,wh等引导的让步状语从句中,从句虚拟语气结构为:指现在或将来:maywh-word等引导的让步状语从句中,从句虚拟语气结构为:动词原形。如:Wewillfinishitontimenomatterwhatmayhappen.+动词原形不管发生什么事,我们都要按时完成。Wewillfindhimwhereverhemaybe.无论他在哪里,我们都要找到他。Iwillwaitforhimnomatterhowlatehemaycome.不管他来的多么晚,我都会等他。指过去:may+完成式。+完成式如::Youmustn’tbeproudwhatevergreatprogressyoumayhavemade.不管你取得了多么大的进步,你也不能骄傲。Wemustrespecthimnomatterwhatmistakeshemayhavemade.不管他犯过什么错误,我们必须尊敬他。4

    5、一般wouldrather,hadrather,wouldsooner等之后的宾语从句常表示与客观事实不相符的一种愿望,事实不相符的一种愿望,故使用虚拟语气。其虚拟语气的结构为:过去:had+过去分词;现在:过去时(be用were);将来:过去时(be用were)如:I’dratheryouhadseenthefilmyesterday.我倒想你昨天昨天看过了这场电影。I’dratheryouwereherenow.我倒想你现在现在在这儿。We’现在dratheryouwentheretomorrow.我们倒想你明天明天去那儿明天6、虚拟语气还可用在定语从句中,表示:早该做某事了”时,定语从句中的谓语动虚拟语气还可用在定语从句中,虚拟语气还可用在定语从句中表示:早该做某事了”“词须用虚拟语气,其虚拟语气的结构为:词须用虚拟语气,其虚拟语气的结构为:Itis(high/about)timethat+主语+过去式/即从句用虚拟过去式。如Itistime动词的过去式/should+动词原形,即从句用虚拟过去式thatIwenttopickupmydaughteratschool.我该去学校接我的女儿了。Itishightimeyoushouldgotowork.你早该上班了。7、简单句中的虚拟语气简单句中的虚拟语气(1)说话时,为了表示客气、谦虚、委婉而有礼貌,言语常使用虚拟语气。其虚拟语气的结构形式常为:would/could/might/should+动词原形。如:Wouldyoumindmyshuttingthedoor?我把门关起来你介意吗?Youshouldalwayslearnthislessonbyheart.你要把这个教训牢记于心。Ishouldagreewithyou.我应该同意你的观点。(2)表示“祝愿”时,常用may+主语+动词原形主语+动词原形。如:Mayyouhaveagoodjourney!祝你一路顺风。Mayyouryouthlastforever!祝你青春永驻。、动词原形。如:Longlivethe(3)表示强烈的“愿望”“祝愿”时,常用动词原形动词原形CommunistPartyofChina.中国共产党万岁。Godblessus.上帝保佑。习惯表达中常用的虚拟语气。(4)习惯表达中常用的虚拟语气。Wouldyouliketohaveatalkwithusthis①提出请求或邀请。如:evening?今天晚上来跟我们聊天好吗?CouldIuseyourbikenow?我可以用一下你的单车吗?Ishouldgladto②陈述自己的观点或看法。如:meetyou.见到你我会很高兴。Iwouldtrymybesttohelpyou.我会尽力帮助你。提出劝告或建议。You’betteraskyourfatherfirst.d③提出劝告或建议如:你最好先问一问你的父亲。Youshouldmakeafullinvestigationofitfirst.你应该先全面调查一番。Doyouthinkhecouldgethere④提出问题。如:ontime?你认为他能按时来吗?Doyouexpecthewouldtellusthetruth?你期望他会告诉我们真相吗?⑤表示对过去情况的责备时,常用虚拟语气。其如:Youshouldhave虚拟语气的结构为:虚拟语气的结构为:情态动词+have+过去分词。gothereearlier.你应该早就到这里了。Youshouldhavereturnedittohim.你应该把它还给他了。省略的虚拟条件句型省略连词if有时可将条件从句的连词if省略,但此时应用倒装句型,即将从句中的were,should,had等提到句首:WereITom,Iwouldrefuse.如果我是汤姆,我会拒绝。Iwillgo,shoulditbenecessary.假若有必要,我会去的。Haditnotbeenforthebadweatherwewouldhavearrivedintime.若不是天气坏,我们就准时到达了。5

    有关的专题